Traduir el dret: comparació de traduccions humanes i posteditades del grec a l’anglès

Vilelmini Sosoni, John O'Shea, Maria Stasimioti

Resum


Els avenços en els models de traducció automàtica neuronal (TAN) s’han traduït en una millora dels resultats de la traducció automàtica (TA), especialment, en les combinacions lingüístiques amb molts recursos (Deng i Liu, 2018) i sobretot pel que fa a la fluïdesa (Castilho et al., 2017a, 2017b). Els sistemes de TAN s’han fet servir sobretot per traduir textos tècnics i de ciències de la vida amb frases breus, repetitives, predictibles i sense ambigüitats. Per contra, l’estudi acadèmic de la traducció jurídica ha assenyalat que aquesta no és gaire compatible amb la TA, sobretot perquè els textos jurídics tenen característiques que plantegen problemes importants per a la TA (Killman, 2014; Prieto Ramos, 2015; Matthiesen, 2017). Així, la qualitat dels resultats varia en funció del gènere jurídic i la combinació lingüística. Amb una tipologia d’errors MQM-DQF, en aquest estudi s’avalua la qualitat dels productes de la postedició i de la traducció humana (TH) amb dos textos prescriptius de dret de la propietat del grec a l’anglès, una combinació lingüística que es considera que té pocs recursos. L’estudi va controlar el temps que les dues persones participants en l’estudi van necessitar per acabar aquests dos textos i també va recollir dades sobre la seva postura en relació amb la TA i la postedició (PE). Els resultats indiquen que la productivitat no millora en el cas de la PE ni tampoc s’observen grans diferències pel que fa a la precisió o la fluïdesa entre els textos posteditats i els fets amb TH. En general, però, el nombre d’errors era lleugerament més elevat en les TH i la majoria d’aquests errors tenia a veure amb la precisió. En canvi, les versions posteditades contenien més errors d’estil i veracitat. Per acabar, les opinions dels traductors sobre la TA i la PE depenien de la qualitat dels resultats de la TA, tot i que el seu nivell de confiança en els resultats pot haver afectat la qualitat del producte final.

Paraules clau


traducció automàtica neuronal (TAN); postedició; traducció jurídica; llei de propietat; qualitat de la traducció

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.2436/rld.i78.2022.3704

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