El llenguatge inclusiu des de la perspectiva de gènere ha cobrat importància en les societats modernes com a mesura política per potenciar la igualtat de gènere. Els canvis necessaris per parlar de maneres no masclistes han despertat consciències però també resistències. Una posició que ha aconseguit una influència especial en contextos institucionals per a algunes llengües (inclòs el català) és que les formes masculines són la forma neutra de les llengües on el masculí coincideix amb l’arrel lèxica. Així, des del significat convencional que té per al treball acadèmic com a absència d’una marca morfològica, el terme no marcat s’extrapola i s’utilitza com a argument de neutralitat semàntica, comunicativa, sociocultural i simbòlica. L’argument nega o, en el millor dels casos, ignora la natura dinàmica de les relacions entre llenguatge, cognició i societat. Aquest article revisa el coneixement acumulat sobre aquestes dinàmiques en estudis empírics que desafien la pretesa neutralitat de les formes masculines i avaluen els mitjans lingüístics que poden contrarestar el biaix de gènere i com es revesteix de naturalitat en les nostres societats.

llenguatge inclusiu; llenguatge excloent; perspectiva de gènere; masculí; neutralitat; biaix de gènere; cognició; percepció; construcció social; poder social

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